Apparatus for supplying liquid fuel to internal-combustion engines.



v. e. BARFORD APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING UQUID FUEL T0 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.24, 1916.

Patented Apr. 23,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

A mm llul V. G. BARFORDn APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING LIQUID FUEL T0 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATIOP' FILED AUG,24\ I916- Paten'tedi Apr 23, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

. v. G. mwowo. APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING LIQUID FUEL-.TO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.24, I9I6.

Patented Apr. 23,1918.

' 3 $HEETS-SHEET 3 I I I I I I f,

VALENTINE GEORGE BARFORD, OFBASINGSTOKE, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 JOHN I.

THORNYCROE'JL & (70., LIMITED, OF WESTMINSTER, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING LIQUID FUEL T0 INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented Apr. 23, 191.

Application filed August 24, 1916. Serial No. 116,749.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VALENTINE GEORGE BARroRD, a subject of the King of Great,

Britain and Ireland, residing at Basingstoke, in the county of Hants, England, have invented Improvements in Apparatus for Supplying Liquid Fuel to Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following .is a specification.

This invention relates to means or apparatus for supplying liquid fuel to internal combustion engines and it has for its object to provide aliquid fuel pump and controlling means therefor whereby the amount of liquid fuel supplied to an engine can be controlled in a simple, easy and effective manner and, in the event of the fuel delivery pipe becoming obstructed for any reason, to

enable the liquid fuel to be-delivered backfrom the pump into the liquid fuel supply pipe or receptacle.

In means or apparatus according to the invention the pump chamber is provided with a loaded relief valve and the inner end of the pump plunger is so shaped that, by rotation of the plunger about its axis, it can, during its inward stroke, be caused to open the relief valve earlier or later, or not to open such valve, and inthis Way vary the amount of liquid fuel delivered to suit the varying requirements of the engine to which the liquid fuel is supplied. Conveniently, the inner end of the pump plunger may be made of spiral or helical shape and arranged to act endwise on its inward stroke and open a spring loaded relief valve arranged with its axis eccentric to that of the plunger. The plunger may conveniently be rotated at the required times and to the required extent from the engine governor so that the supply of liquid fuel will be controlled automatically according to the load on the engine, but the plunger can be rotated or adjusted by hand if desired. The stroke of the plunger is normally constant but is capable of adjustment for varyin the maximum amount of liquid fuel capab e of being deliveredat any time, the shaped inner end of the plunger and the relief valve acting as variable cut ofl' means for determining the point at which the delivery of liquid fuel from the pump shall cease.

Liquid fuel supply apparatus adapted to operate in the manner described can be variously constructed and arranged.

stationary sleeve 6 in which the plunger 0 can work endwise and also rotate. The inner end of the bore is enlarged to form an eccentrically arranged pump chamber 05 which is closed at the opposite end by a screw plug 6 provided with an axially arranged rellef passage 7 communicating'with a number of radial relief passages g and controlled by a loaded relief valve h. In the casting a and parallel, it may be, and as shown, to the bore containing the sleeve b and pump plunger 0, is a second bore or passage a open at both ends.

One end portion of this bore or passage is fittedwith a bush 2' having a seat for a spring loaded suction valve j while the other end of the said bore is closed by a tubular screw plug is that is provided with a spring loaded delivery valve Z and is adapted to be connected to an oil delivery pipe m. At a point between the two valves j and Z, which may be ball valves, as shown, the second bore a is connected by a passage n to the pump chamber 03. The inner end of the pump plunger 0 is provided with a spiral or helical shaped abutment or cam surface 0 co-axial with the plunger and the relief valve h is provided with a stem 7) extending into the pump chamber 01 and into the path of the. said abutment surface 0. Secured below the screw plug 6 carrying the relief valve 71. and

the end of the second bore a controlled by the suc ion valve j is a. receptacle 4" to which liquid uel is supplied. The pressure of the liquid fuel should be such as to overcome the spring pressure on the suction valve y when the pump plunger 0 makes its suction stroke 1n order to prevent the continuity of the capable ofbeing locked in place by a'nut u.-

- The relief valve. it not only serves to govern or control the amount of liquid fuel delivered from the pump as described, but it alsoserves to permit the liquid fuel entering the pump chamber d to be delivered back into the supply receptacle 1* in the event of any obstruction taking place on the delivery side of the pump. The spring 8 for this valve is therefore set at that pressure. which corresponds to the maximum desirable pressure in the pump and connected delivery pipe.

At a part outside the pump casting, the plunger 0 is provided with a pinion o between which and' the casting is a coiled spring ea for efiecting the outward stroke of the plunger. In gear with the pinion 0 is a part circular rack m fixed to a spindle 3 mounted in a bearing 2 and provided at its otherend with a crank pin or handle 1 for operation from a governor, orby times against the outer end of the plunger and is operated through a shaft 3 any convenient way, asby a lever et and rod 5 from an eccentric onthe crankshaft of the engine. 7

-The extent of the outward travel of the pump plunger 0 can be controlled by means, such as an adjustable cam 6, arranged to act against theoutside of the pinion '0 and operated from a shaft 7.

With the arrangement? described it will be understood that the relief valve it will be forced open by cam-shaped inner end 0 of the plunger 0 earlier or later during the the extent to which the plunger has been rotated, and in this way control the qu'an-. tity of liquid fuel delivered by the pump to the englne.

Two or more pumps such as described can be used and governed simultaneously by the a same governing means and their plungers operated .by a rocking arm or arms m the way described. Thus, in the. drawings, the

6 of both pumps.-

partsdescribed and lettered are duplicated, 8 representing a rod connecting together a pair of crank arms 9 provided for the simul taneous operation of the plunger cam stops The method of governing described can however be applied to pumps the plungers of which are reciproto those hereinescribed. Apparatus such as described can be used with two orfour strokecycle engines.

What I claim is u 1. Apparatus of the kind herein referred to comprising a pump chamber, valve means controlling the inlet and outlet of liquid to. and from saidehamber, a plunger adapted:

inward stroke of the pump, according to to draw liquid into said chamber under control of said valve means, a relief valve and means associated with the inner end of said plunger and whereby said relief valve can e opened at a definite point in the delivery stroke of said plunger. v

2. Apparatus of the kind herein referred to comprising a pump chamber, valve-means controlling the inlet and outlet of liquid to and from said chamber, a plunger adapted to draw liquid into said chamber under control of said valve means, a relief valve and adjustable means, located within said pump chamber and whereby said relief valve can be opened at a definite but alterable point in the delivery stroke of said plunger.

3. Apparatus of the kind herein referred to comprising a pump chamber, valve means controlling the inlet and outlet of liquid to and from said chamber, a plunger adapted to draw liquid into said chamber under control of said valve means, a relief valve and adjustable means located within said ump chamber and under the control of the inner end of said plunger andwhereby said re- -li.ef valve can be opened at a definite but alterable point in the delivery strokeofpaid plunger.

4. Apparatus'of the kind herein referred to comprising a pump chamber, valve means adapted to admit liquid to such chamber, a

plunger adapted to draw a definite amount of liquid through such valve liquid delivery means and a relief valve having a part thereof extending into said pump chamber and into the path of said lunger and to be opened bythe inner end 0 said plunger at a definite but alterable point in its delivery stroke.

5. Apparatus of the kind herein referred to comprisingia pump chamber,-valve means adapted to a m1t liquid to such chamber, a loaded relief valve adapted to allow part of the admitted fluid to pass back to the supply and a pump plunger adapted by endwise motion to open the valve and by rotation to determine the point in the stroke at which such opening shall occur, if at all.

6. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to the combination with a pump chamber, of a relief valve, a reciprocating plun er means associated with the inner end of said plunger and capable of openin the said valve during some part of the delivery matically with abnormal Laeaaaa 8. In apparatus of the kind herein re ferred to the combination with a pump chamber, of a reciprocating plunger havmgend, a relief valve by the said plunger an axis eccentric to a fuel receptacle with which both bores communicate, a suction valve and a-delivery valve associated with one bore, a plunger and a relief valve associated with the other bore, and means for angularly adjusting the plunger the said plunger and relief valve being independently movable along axes out of alinement and the end of the plunger being shaped to impart opening movement to the relief valve at different points in the delivery stroke in accordance with angular adjustment of the plunger, while the relief valve is free to open autopressure in the pumping system each opening movement of the relief valve resulting in a return of fuel which has passed the suction valve to the said fuel receptacle.

10. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to, a pump plunger having a helical shaped end constituting a valve operating abutment. 11. Apparatus of the kind referred to comprislng a casting bored with two parallel passages, a passage connecting such bores, a fuel receptacle with which both res communicate, a suction valve and a delivery valve associated with one bore, a plunger and a relief valve associated 'with the other-bore, a toothed pinion 'on said plunger, a toothed quadrant gearing into said pinion, and means for moving said quadrant to angularly adjust said plunger, the said plunger and relief valve being independently movable along axes out of alinement and the end of the plunger, being shaped to impart opening movement to the relief valve at difi'erent points in the delivery stroke in accordance with angular adjustment of the plunger, While the relief valve is free to ,open automatically with abnormal pressure in the pumping system each openlng movement of the relief valve resulting in a return of fuel which has passed the suction valve to the said fuel receptacle.

12. In apparatus of the kind herein re-' ferred to the combination with each of a pair of pump chambers, of a reciprocating plunger having a cam shaped inner end, a relief valve adapted to said plunger end and movable "along an axis eccentric to that of the plunger ahd means for simultaneously. rotating both of said plungers to vary the control exerted by the said plungers upon the said relief valve.

Signed at Wmchester, in England, this 28th day of June, 1916.

VALENTINE GEQRGE BARFORI).

be engaged by the 

